Developing Experimental Cervical Dummy Models for Testing Low-speed Rear-end Collisions

In recent years, many studies have been made in the biomechanical and other fields on, “whiplash” or cervical vertical sprain which is on type of injury sustained by vehicle occupants in low-speed rear-end collisions. This paper describes a cervical analysis of whiplash occurring in the lower rear-end collision. In particular, it describes the use of a more humanized biomechanical cervical model to analyze cervical behavior in low rear-end collisions. The results of tests with this model were verified on the TRID-II Neck* and the Hybrid-III Neck models. INTRODUCTION The percentage of accidents resulting from collisions in recent years, accounts for 27.5 percent of all vehicle accidents in Japan(Figure 1 .).Though the death rate is low in these type of accidents, the minor injury rate is very high (Figure 2.). About 90 percent of these minor injuries are neck injuries and the so-called ” Whiplash injury ” which is prone to occur in these low-speed rear-end collision makes up a large share of these injuries. Single vehicle collision 5.90% ad-on collision 8.71% Front impact in vehicle behind 21.30% Rear-end collision 27.48% Figure 1. Accident typical other crew several ratioes. Serious injury, Death 0.04% lXj2% \ / ,Unhurriedly